Asger Risom
Scientists warn that climate change is accelerating the spread of pathogenic molds
The effects of global warming are far-reaching—melting glaciers, rising seas, and more frequent extreme weather events. But another, quieter shift is happening below the radar: the rapid spread of dangerous fungi, particularly Aspergillus species, into new regions due to changing climate conditions.
Fungal Expansion Fueled by Rising Heat
According to a recent study, three species of Aspergillus fungi—A. fumigatus, A. flavus, and A. niger—are poised to expand their habitats northward by 2100.
These common molds, often found in soil, air, and on plants, can produce toxic compounds like aflatoxins and are known to cause infections in humans and animals, particularly those with weakened immune systems.
Environmental mycologist Norman van Rhijn of the University of Manchester emphasized that shifting conditions such as humidity and temperature fluctuations are accelerating this fungal migration.
Van Rhijn explained:
Changes in environmental factors such as humidity and extreme weather events will alter habitats and accelerate the adaptation and spread of fungi.
The study, highlighted by WP Tech, predicts dire consequences: the range of A. fumigatus in Europe could grow by 77.5% within just 15 years, putting an additional nine million people at risk.
A. flavus, which prefers hotter climates, may expand by 16%, endangering another million.
Threats to Public Health and Agriculture
Though these fungi are usually harmless to healthy individuals, they can cause life-threatening infections in those with compromised immune systems—such as transplant recipients, chemotherapy patients, and individuals living with AIDS.
The anticipated increase in infections will strain healthcare systems through more hospitalizations and costly antifungal treatments.
Beyond human health, these molds also pose a serious risk to agriculture. Fungal contamination can destroy crops, threatening food security in already vulnerable regions.
Preparing for a Fungal Future
Experts warn that as these pathogens push into new territories, public health responses must evolve in step.
“Raising awareness and developing effective interventions for fungal pathogens will be key to mitigating the consequences of this phenomenon,
van Rhijn added.
In a world grappling with climate crises on multiple fronts, this emerging fungal threat is yet another challenge demanding urgent global attention.