Anna Hartz
Modern warfare is not only fought on battlefields. It also depends on logistics, transport, and the ability to move people and equipment safely.
When traditional systems weaken, states often look for alternative ways to keep operations running. That is now visible in how Russia moves its military resources.
Painted to look like commercial planes
The Russian military is increasingly using civilian aircraft to transport troops, weapons, and supplies, reports United24Media. This shift comes as its military aviation maintenance system faces serious problems. According to a report by Dallas Analytics, the reliance on non military planes has grown over time.
Russia’s Ministry of Defense operates units that are listed in civilian aviation records. These include the 223rd and 224th flight units. Their aircraft are painted to look like commercial planes. This allows them to avoid diplomatic procedures normally required for military flights. It also makes it easier for them to move through international airports in regions such as the Middle East and Africa.
The report says these units have already been sanctioned by the United States. They were linked to transporting Wagner Group fighters and moving missile systems. The Wagner Group is a private military organization that has worked alongside Russian forces in various conflicts.
The system also involves private cargo airlines. One example is Aviacon Zitotrans. The company has reportedly transported military helicopters, missile systems, and other equipment on behalf of the Russian defense ministry. Some of these flights have moved through multiple countries before reaching their destination.
An increased risk for travelers and airport staff
Military use of civilian aviation also extends to passenger transport. Airlines such as I Fly and Ural Airlines have been used for charter flights linked to the military. These flights often disable tracking systems. They carry conscripted soldiers to key transit points like Rostov on Don and Simferopol.
The network relies on airports that handle both civilian and military traffic. This overlap makes it harder to separate commercial activity from military operations. Analysts say this increases risk for regular passengers and airport workers.
Despite sanctions, the system continues to function. It relies on transit hubs outside Western control. This allows aircraft to move even when restrictions are in place.
The report argues that stronger action may be needed. It suggests targeting companies that support these flights, including fuel suppliers and ground service providers.
The shift toward civilian aviation is linked to deeper problems in Russia’s air force. Even presidential aircraft have faced technical issues. Leaked reports from the Special Flight Detachment Russia show repeated in flight failures. With limited access to foreign parts, maintenance has become difficult.
These problems have pushed the military to depend more on civilian carriers to keep its logistics system working.
