Edith Hejberg
The system will store International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI) numbers—unique 15-digit codes assigned to every phone, tablet, modem, or smart watch.
In an effort to counter Ukrainian drone attacks, Russia has announced plans to register every mobile phone in the country.
Starting in 2026, all devices will be logged in a new state database. The move was confirmed by Deputy Communications Minister Dmitry Ugnivenko during a meeting of the Public Council for Communications and IT.
New database will track unique device IDs
The system will store International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI) numbers, unique 15-digit codes assigned to every phone, tablet, modem, or smart watch.
These identifiers, when linked to SIM cards, make it possible to trace devices back to individual users.
A way to distinguish drones from real users
Ugnivenko justified the plan by saying it would help separate human users from unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs).
“If we create this database and link them to specific numbers,” he said, “we will be able to identify with certainty that the SIM card is not in the UAV.”
Possible easing of internet blackouts
Officials hope that linking SIM cards to IMEIs might lead to fewer internet shutdowns. “Maybe this blocking regime will be slightly relaxed,” Ugnivenko suggested, referring to the widespread mobile internet restrictions currently in place across parts of Russia.
IMEI numbers: how they work
An IMEI is essentially a fingerprint for mobile devices. When combined with SIM card information, it allows authorities to pinpoint not just the device’s model but also its specific owner.
This level of tracking is already widely used in anti-theft and surveillance operations globally.
FSB has pushed for tracking since 2022
Russia’s Federal Security Service (FSB) first proposed a national IMEI registry in 2022. According to reports from Kommersant, the agency claimed it would help prevent “illegal actions involving mobile phones” and improve the efficiency of search operations.
Communications Ministry backed the plan early
The Ministry of Communications supported the FSB’s proposal at the time, pledging to develop the legal framework needed to implement such a registry.
That promise is now being acted on with a timeline set for 2026.
Drone threat prompts harsh measures
Mobile internet blackouts have become common in Russia, especially in regions vulnerable to drone attacks. Officials have cited security concerns as the main reason for suspending or limiting mobile data access in these areas.
Only ‘approved’ websites accessible
In some regions, mobile internet is permanently limited to a government-approved “white list.” This includes banking apps, government services, and state-controlled media. Other sites remain inaccessible through mobile networks.
Foreign SIM cards face restrictions
Russia has also imposed a “cooling-off” period for SIM cards entering the country from abroad. During this window, foreign and Russian users alike are blocked from using mobile internet, making calls, or sending text messages.
Critics fear deeper surveillance
While framed as a national security measure, the IMEI registry raises concerns about digital surveillance and user privacy. With authorities able to track nearly every connected device, critics warn the move could tighten state control over everyday communications.
Public reaction remains unclear
So far, there’s been little public debate about the registry, though some analysts say it may face pushback once implementation begins. Many Russians are already frustrated by frequent internet disruptions and growing digital restrictions.
2026 rollout expected despite concerns
Despite privacy fears and technical challenges, the government appears committed to the registry. If fully implemented, Russia would join a small group of nations with mandatory national IMEI databases tied to mobile service access.
